19th Dynasty

The 19th Dynasty was the last dynasty of a united Egypt, that existed just before the Santorini eruption. The dynasty followed the 18th Dynasty, and was followed by the 20th Dynasty along with the 22nd and Tanite 21st Dynasties. It lasted from 870 to 759 B.C., or 111 years. The pharaohs of this dynasty were Ramesses I, Seti I, Ramesses II (the Great), and Merneptah. Interestingly enough, they would not only bring the greatest prosperity Egypt had ever seen but also a downfall that it would never recover from.

This dynasty began when Horemheb appointed Ramesses I (Horemheb's vizier) as his successor. Ramesses I, though only ruling for less than two years, would usher in the greatest prosperity Egypt had ever seen by his son Seti I. Seti ruled for 29 years, beginning in 869 B.C. He conquered Libya and Nubia, expanding Egypt farther than it had been in the 18th Dynasty.

His son Ramesses II was arguably the most famous pharaoh of all time, and he conquered the Levant, as well as several campaigns to Nubia. Ramesses also made the first peace treaty in recorded history, with the Hittite king Hattusili III. He died after a long 67 year reign.

Finally, Ramesses II's son Merneptah had a reign that was the polar opposite of Ramesses'. He lost much land to foreign invaders, and his reign ended with the catastrophic Santorini eruption in 765 B.C. Following this, there was an interregnum with many '19th Dynasty' pharaohs ruling at once (Seti II, Siptah, Amenmesse, Twosret, etc.) that ushered in one of the worst periods of Egyptian history, when it was fractured into many dynasties.

The evidence for the revised history can be found at Displaced Dynasties. Evidence regarding this dynasty specifically can be found here.